Still-life painting as an independent genre or disparateness first flourished in the Netherlands during the primal 1600s, although German and French painters (for example, Georg Flegel and Sebastien Stoskopff; 21.152.1, 2002.68) were in addition untimely participants in the development, and less continuous traditions of Italian and Spanish still-life painting date from the same period. Still-life motifs occur evenhandedly oftentimes in manuscripts, books of hours, and panel paintings of the 1400s and 1500s, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as Robert Campins Annunciation Triptych (56.70) of bouldery 1425, and in Petrus Christuss Saint Eligius of 1449 (1975.1.110). Many of the objects depicted in these early works are symbolic of some quality of the arrant(a) or an new(prenominal) religious figure (for example, the lily stands for purity), while other objects may remind the viewer of an edifying concept such as worldly vanity or temperance (as in the case o f Saint Eligiuss mirror and scales). Moralizing meanings are overly common in independent still-life paintings of the seventeenth century, which range from such obviously didactic works as Jacques de Gheyns Vanitas Still invigoration of 1603 (1974.1) and Pieter Claeszs Still life with a Skull and a Writing radio beam of 1628 (49.107) to rich displays of luxury items comparable Abraham van Beyerens Still emotional state with Lobster and Fruit of the 1650s (1971.254).

In the latter work, the pocket watch, which symbolizes the fleeting theme of earthly pleasures, may be considered more of an intellectual self-interes t than a sober warning against the desire fo! r material things homogeneous the objects depicted or the painting itself. Floral still lifes were in particular prominent in the early 1600s, and in their highly refine execution and in their subjects and symbolism were addressed to a polite audience. In general, the rise of still-life painting in the Northern and Spanish Netherlands (mainly in the cities of Antwerp, Middelburg, Haarlem, Leiden, and Utrecht) reflects the...If you want to get a full essay, patch it on our website:
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